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Feature Specification: Hardware Abstraction

Feature ID: F-HW (F-HW-001 to F-HW-002)

Document Type: Feature Specification
Version: 1.0
Date: 2025-01-19
Feature Category: Hardware Abstraction

1. Feature Overview

1.1 Feature Purpose

The Hardware Abstraction feature provides a clean separation between application logic and hardware interfaces for the ASF Sensor Hub. This feature ensures hardware independence, maintainability, and testability by abstracting all hardware access through well-defined interfaces and preventing direct hardware access from the application layer.

1.2 Feature Scope

In Scope:

Sensor Abstraction Layer (SAL) for uniform sensor access
Hardware interface abstraction for I2C, SPI, UART, ADC, GPIO
Storage interface abstraction for SD Card and NVM
Display and user interface abstraction
GPIO discipline enforcement and resource conflict detection

Out of Scope:

Hardware driver implementation details (delegated to ESP-IDF)
Hardware-specific performance optimizations
Physical hardware design and pin assignments
Low-level hardware debugging interfaces

2. Sub-Features

2.1 F-HW-001: Sensor Abstraction Layer (SAL)

Description: Comprehensive sensor abstraction layer providing uniform access to all sensor types while maintaining hardware independence and enabling runtime sensor management.

Sensor Abstraction Interface:

typedef struct {
    uint8_t sensor_id;               // Unique sensor identifier
    sensor_type_t type;              // Sensor type enumeration
    char name[32];                   // Human-readable sensor name
    char unit[8];                    // Measurement unit (°C, %, ppm, etc.)
    float min_value;                 // Minimum valid measurement
    float max_value;                 // Maximum valid measurement
    float accuracy;                  // Sensor accuracy specification
    uint32_t warmup_time_ms;         // Required warmup time
    uint32_t sampling_interval_ms;   // Minimum sampling interval
    sensor_interface_t interface;    // Hardware interface type
} sensor_metadata_t;

typedef enum {
    SENSOR_TYPE_TEMPERATURE = 0,     // Temperature sensors
    SENSOR_TYPE_HUMIDITY = 1,        // Humidity sensors
    SENSOR_TYPE_CO2 = 2,            // Carbon dioxide sensors
    SENSOR_TYPE_AMMONIA = 3,        // Ammonia sensors
    SENSOR_TYPE_VOC = 4,            // Volatile organic compounds
    SENSOR_TYPE_LIGHT = 5,          // Light intensity sensors
    SENSOR_TYPE_PARTICULATE = 6     // Particulate matter sensors
} sensor_type_t;

typedef enum {
    SENSOR_INTERFACE_I2C = 0,       // I2C interface
    SENSOR_INTERFACE_SPI = 1,       // SPI interface
    SENSOR_INTERFACE_UART = 2,      // UART interface
    SENSOR_INTERFACE_ADC = 3,       // Analog ADC interface
    SENSOR_INTERFACE_GPIO = 4       // Digital GPIO interface
} sensor_interface_t;

Sensor State Management:

typedef enum {
    SENSOR_STATE_UNKNOWN = 0,       // Initial state, not detected
    SENSOR_STATE_DETECTED = 1,      // Presence confirmed
    SENSOR_STATE_INITIALIZED = 2,   // Driver loaded and configured
    SENSOR_STATE_WARMUP = 3,        // Warming up, not stable
    SENSOR_STATE_STABLE = 4,        // Operational and stable
    SENSOR_STATE_ENABLED = 5,       // Active data acquisition
    SENSOR_STATE_DISABLED = 6,      // Present but not acquiring
    SENSOR_STATE_DEGRADED = 7,      // Operational but degraded
    SENSOR_STATE_FAULTY = 8,        // Detected failure condition
    SENSOR_STATE_REMOVED = 9        // Previously present, now absent
} sensor_state_t;

typedef struct {
    sensor_state_t current_state;    // Current sensor state
    sensor_state_t previous_state;   // Previous sensor state
    uint64_t state_change_time;      // Last state change timestamp
    uint32_t state_change_count;     // Total state changes
    uint32_t fault_count;            // Number of faults detected
    uint32_t recovery_count;         // Number of successful recoveries
    float last_valid_reading;        // Last known good reading
    uint64_t last_reading_time;      // Timestamp of last reading
} sensor_state_info_t;

Sensor State Machine:

stateDiagram-v2
    [*] --> UNKNOWN
    UNKNOWN --> DETECTED : Presence detected
    DETECTED --> INITIALIZED : Driver loaded
    INITIALIZED --> WARMUP : Acquisition started
    WARMUP --> STABLE : Warmup complete
    STABLE --> ENABLED : Enable command
    ENABLED --> DISABLED : Disable command
    DISABLED --> ENABLED : Enable command
    ENABLED --> DEGRADED : Performance degradation
    DEGRADED --> ENABLED : Performance restored
    ENABLED --> FAULTY : Failure detected
    DEGRADED --> FAULTY : Failure detected
    FAULTY --> ENABLED : Recovery successful
    FAULTY --> REMOVED : Hardware removed
    ENABLED --> REMOVED : Hardware removed
    DISABLED --> REMOVED : Hardware removed
    DEGRADED --> REMOVED : Hardware removed
    REMOVED --> DETECTED : Hardware restored

Uniform Sensor API:

// Sensor lifecycle management
bool sal_initializeSensor(uint8_t sensor_id);
bool sal_enableSensor(uint8_t sensor_id);
bool sal_disableSensor(uint8_t sensor_id);
bool sal_resetSensor(uint8_t sensor_id);

// Sensor data operations
bool sal_readSensor(uint8_t sensor_id, float* value);
bool sal_calibrateSensor(uint8_t sensor_id, const calibration_data_t* cal_data);
bool sal_validateReading(uint8_t sensor_id, float value);
bool sal_performHealthCheck(uint8_t sensor_id);

// Sensor information and status
bool sal_getSensorMetadata(uint8_t sensor_id, sensor_metadata_t* metadata);
sensor_state_t sal_getSensorState(uint8_t sensor_id);
bool sal_getSensorStateInfo(uint8_t sensor_id, sensor_state_info_t* info);
bool sal_isSensorPresent(uint8_t sensor_id);
bool sal_isSensorHealthy(uint8_t sensor_id);

Sensor Driver Interface:

typedef struct {
    // Driver identification
    char driver_name[32];            // Driver name
    char driver_version[16];         // Driver version
    sensor_type_t supported_type;    // Supported sensor type
    
    // Driver operations
    bool (*initialize)(uint8_t sensor_id);
    bool (*read_raw)(uint8_t sensor_id, uint32_t* raw_value);
    bool (*convert_value)(uint32_t raw_value, float* converted_value);
    bool (*calibrate)(uint8_t sensor_id, const calibration_data_t* cal_data);
    bool (*health_check)(uint8_t sensor_id);
    bool (*reset)(uint8_t sensor_id);
    
    // Driver configuration
    sensor_metadata_t metadata;     // Sensor metadata
    void* driver_config;            // Driver-specific configuration
} sensor_driver_interface_t;

2.2 F-HW-002: Hardware Interface Abstraction

Description: Comprehensive abstraction of all hardware interfaces to prevent direct hardware access from the application layer and ensure consistent interface usage across the system.

GPIO Discipline and Management:

typedef struct {
    uint8_t gpio_number;            // Physical GPIO pin number
    gpio_function_t function;       // Assigned function
    gpio_direction_t direction;     // Input/Output direction
    gpio_pull_t pull_config;        // Pull-up/Pull-down configuration
    bool is_strapping_pin;          // Strapping pin flag
    bool is_reserved;               // Reserved for system use
    char assigned_component[32];    // Component using this GPIO
} gpio_pin_config_t;

typedef enum {
    GPIO_FUNC_UNUSED = 0,           // Pin not used
    GPIO_FUNC_I2C_SDA = 1,         // I2C data line
    GPIO_FUNC_I2C_SCL = 2,         // I2C clock line
    GPIO_FUNC_SPI_MOSI = 3,        // SPI master out, slave in
    GPIO_FUNC_SPI_MISO = 4,        // SPI master in, slave out
    GPIO_FUNC_SPI_CLK = 5,         // SPI clock
    GPIO_FUNC_SPI_CS = 6,          // SPI chip select
    GPIO_FUNC_UART_TX = 7,         // UART transmit
    GPIO_FUNC_UART_RX = 8,         // UART receive
    GPIO_FUNC_ADC_INPUT = 9,       // ADC analog input
    GPIO_FUNC_DIGITAL_INPUT = 10,  // Digital input
    GPIO_FUNC_DIGITAL_OUTPUT = 11, // Digital output
    GPIO_FUNC_PWM_OUTPUT = 12      // PWM output
} gpio_function_t;

// Strapping pins that must be avoided for general-purpose I/O
#define GPIO_STRAPPING_PINS {0, 3, 45, 46}

I2C Interface Abstraction:

typedef struct {
    uint8_t i2c_port;               // I2C port number (0 or 1)
    uint8_t sda_pin;                // SDA pin assignment
    uint8_t scl_pin;                // SCL pin assignment
    uint32_t frequency_hz;          // I2C frequency (100kHz, 400kHz)
    bool pullup_enabled;            // Internal pull-up enable
    uint32_t timeout_ms;            // Transaction timeout
} i2c_config_t;

// I2C abstraction API
bool hw_i2c_initialize(uint8_t port, const i2c_config_t* config);
bool hw_i2c_write(uint8_t port, uint8_t device_addr, const uint8_t* data, size_t len);
bool hw_i2c_read(uint8_t port, uint8_t device_addr, uint8_t* data, size_t len);
bool hw_i2c_write_read(uint8_t port, uint8_t device_addr, 
                      const uint8_t* write_data, size_t write_len,
                      uint8_t* read_data, size_t read_len);
bool hw_i2c_scan_devices(uint8_t port, uint8_t* found_devices, size_t* count);

SPI Interface Abstraction:

typedef struct {
    uint8_t spi_host;               // SPI host (SPI2_HOST, SPI3_HOST)
    uint8_t mosi_pin;               // MOSI pin assignment
    uint8_t miso_pin;               // MISO pin assignment
    uint8_t sclk_pin;               // Clock pin assignment
    uint8_t cs_pin;                 // Chip select pin
    uint32_t frequency_hz;          // SPI frequency
    uint8_t mode;                   // SPI mode (0-3)
    uint8_t bit_order;              // MSB/LSB first
} spi_config_t;

// SPI abstraction API
bool hw_spi_initialize(uint8_t host, const spi_config_t* config);
bool hw_spi_transmit(uint8_t host, const uint8_t* tx_data, size_t len);
bool hw_spi_receive(uint8_t host, uint8_t* rx_data, size_t len);
bool hw_spi_transmit_receive(uint8_t host, const uint8_t* tx_data, 
                            uint8_t* rx_data, size_t len);

ADC Interface Abstraction:

typedef struct {
    adc_unit_t adc_unit;            // ADC1 or ADC2 (ADC1 only when Wi-Fi active)
    adc_channel_t channel;          // ADC channel
    adc_atten_t attenuation;        // Input attenuation
    adc_bitwidth_t resolution;      // ADC resolution
    uint32_t sample_count;          // Samples for averaging
} adc_config_t;

// ADC abstraction API
bool hw_adc_initialize(const adc_config_t* config);
bool hw_adc_read_raw(adc_unit_t unit, adc_channel_t channel, uint32_t* raw_value);
bool hw_adc_read_voltage(adc_unit_t unit, adc_channel_t channel, float* voltage);
bool hw_adc_calibrate(adc_unit_t unit, adc_channel_t channel);

Storage Interface Abstraction:

// SD Card abstraction
typedef struct {
    uint8_t mosi_pin;               // SD card MOSI pin
    uint8_t miso_pin;               // SD card MISO pin
    uint8_t clk_pin;                // SD card clock pin
    uint8_t cs_pin;                 // SD card chip select pin
    uint32_t frequency_hz;          // SD card SPI frequency
    bool format_if_mount_failed;    // Auto-format on mount failure
} sd_card_config_t;

bool hw_sd_initialize(const sd_card_config_t* config);
bool hw_sd_mount(const char* mount_point);
bool hw_sd_unmount(void);
bool hw_sd_get_info(sd_card_info_t* info);

// NVM (NVS) abstraction
bool hw_nvs_initialize(void);
bool hw_nvs_write_blob(const char* namespace, const char* key, 
                      const void* data, size_t size);
bool hw_nvs_read_blob(const char* namespace, const char* key, 
                     void* data, size_t* size);
bool hw_nvs_erase_key(const char* namespace, const char* key);
bool hw_nvs_get_stats(nvs_stats_t* stats);

GPIO Map Management:

typedef struct {
    gpio_pin_config_t pins[GPIO_NUM_MAX]; // All GPIO pin configurations
    uint32_t used_pin_count;              // Number of used pins
    uint32_t conflict_count;              // Number of detected conflicts
    bool map_validated;                   // GPIO map validation status
} gpio_map_t;

// GPIO map management API
bool hw_gpio_initialize_map(void);
bool hw_gpio_reserve_pin(uint8_t gpio_num, gpio_function_t function, 
                        const char* component_name);
bool hw_gpio_release_pin(uint8_t gpio_num);
bool hw_gpio_validate_map(void);
bool hw_gpio_detect_conflicts(gpio_conflict_t* conflicts, size_t* count);
bool hw_gpio_get_map(gpio_map_t* map);

Hardware Resource Conflict Detection:

typedef enum {
    HW_CONFLICT_GPIO_DUPLICATE = 0,  // Same GPIO used by multiple components
    HW_CONFLICT_I2C_ADDRESS = 1,     // I2C address conflict
    HW_CONFLICT_SPI_CS = 2,          // SPI chip select conflict
    HW_CONFLICT_ADC_WIFI = 3,        // ADC2 used with Wi-Fi active
    HW_CONFLICT_STRAPPING_PIN = 4,   // Strapping pin used for I/O
    HW_CONFLICT_POWER_DOMAIN = 5     // Power domain conflict
} hw_conflict_type_t;

typedef struct {
    hw_conflict_type_t type;         // Conflict type
    uint8_t resource_id;             // Conflicting resource ID
    char component1[32];             // First component involved
    char component2[32];             // Second component involved
    char description[128];           // Human-readable description
} hw_conflict_t;

3. Requirements Coverage

3.1 System Requirements (SR-XXX)

Feature	System Requirements	Description
F-HW-001	SR-HW-001, SR-HW-002, SR-HW-003, SR-HW-004	Sensor abstraction layer and state management
F-HW-002	SR-HW-005, SR-HW-006, SR-HW-007, SR-HW-008	Hardware interface abstraction and GPIO discipline

3.2 Software Requirements (SWR-XXX)

Feature	Software Requirements	Implementation Details
F-HW-001	SWR-HW-001, SWR-HW-002, SWR-HW-003	SAL interface, sensor drivers, state machine
F-HW-002	SWR-HW-004, SWR-HW-005, SWR-HW-006	Interface abstraction, GPIO management, conflict detection

4. Component Implementation Mapping

4.1 Primary Components

Component	Responsibility	Location
Sensor Abstraction Layer	Uniform sensor interface, state management	`drivers/sensor_abstraction/`
Hardware Interface Manager	Interface abstraction, resource management	`drivers/hw_interface_mgr/`
GPIO Manager	GPIO discipline, conflict detection	`drivers/gpio_manager/`
Sensor Drivers	Hardware-specific sensor implementations	`drivers/sensors/`

4.2 Supporting Components

Component	Support Role	Interface
ESP-IDF Wrappers	Low-level hardware access	`ESP_IDF_FW_wrappers/`
Diagnostics	Hardware fault reporting	`application_layer/diag_task/`
Machine Constant Manager	Hardware configuration management	`application_layer/business_stack/machine_constant_manager/`

4.3 Component Interaction Diagram

graph TB
    subgraph "Hardware Abstraction Feature"
        SAL[Sensor Abstraction Layer]
        HW_MGR[Hardware Interface Manager]
        GPIO_MGR[GPIO Manager]
        SENSOR_DRV[Sensor Drivers]
    end
    
    subgraph "Application Layer"
        SENSOR_MGR[Sensor Manager]
        PERSIST[Persistence]
        DIAG[Diagnostics]
    end
    
    subgraph "ESP-IDF Wrappers"
        I2C_WRAP[I2C Wrapper]
        SPI_WRAP[SPI Wrapper]
        UART_WRAP[UART Wrapper]
        ADC_WRAP[ADC Wrapper]
        GPIO_WRAP[GPIO Wrapper]
    end
    
    subgraph "Physical Hardware"
        SENSORS[Physical Sensors]
        SD_CARD[SD Card]
        OLED[OLED Display]
        BUTTONS[Buttons]
    end
    
    SENSOR_MGR --> SAL
    SAL --> SENSOR_DRV
    SENSOR_DRV --> HW_MGR
    
    HW_MGR --> I2C_WRAP
    HW_MGR --> SPI_WRAP
    HW_MGR --> UART_WRAP
    HW_MGR --> ADC_WRAP
    
    GPIO_MGR --> GPIO_WRAP
    
    I2C_WRAP --> SENSORS
    SPI_WRAP --> SD_CARD
    UART_WRAP --> SENSORS
    ADC_WRAP --> SENSORS
    GPIO_WRAP --> BUTTONS
    GPIO_WRAP --> OLED
    
    SAL -.->|Hardware Events| DIAG
    HW_MGR -.->|Resource Conflicts| DIAG

4.4 Sensor Abstraction Flow

sequenceDiagram
    participant APP as Application
    participant SAL as Sensor Abstraction Layer
    participant DRV as Sensor Driver
    participant HW as Hardware Interface
    participant SENSOR as Physical Sensor
    
    Note over APP,SENSOR: Sensor Access Through Abstraction
    
    APP->>SAL: sal_readSensor(sensor_id)
    SAL->>SAL: validateSensorState(sensor_id)
    
    alt Sensor State Valid
        SAL->>DRV: driver_read_raw(sensor_id)
        DRV->>HW: hw_i2c_read(port, addr, data)
        HW->>SENSOR: I2C transaction
        SENSOR-->>HW: sensor_data
        HW-->>DRV: raw_value
        DRV->>DRV: convert_value(raw_value)
        DRV-->>SAL: converted_value
        SAL->>SAL: validateReading(converted_value)
        SAL-->>APP: sensor_reading
    else Sensor State Invalid
        SAL->>SAL: attemptSensorRecovery(sensor_id)
        SAL-->>APP: error_sensor_not_ready
    end

5. Feature Behavior

5.1 Normal Operation Flow

System Initialization:
- Initialize GPIO map and validate pin assignments
- Detect hardware resource conflicts and report violations
- Initialize hardware interface abstractions (I2C, SPI, UART, ADC)
- Scan for connected sensors and initialize sensor drivers
- Establish sensor abstraction layer and state management
Sensor Management:
- Maintain sensor state machine for all detected sensors
- Provide uniform access interface regardless of hardware interface
- Handle sensor failures and recovery attempts
- Monitor sensor health and performance metrics
Hardware Interface Management:
- Enforce GPIO discipline and prevent strapping pin usage
- Manage shared resources and prevent conflicts
- Provide consistent interface abstraction across all hardware types
- Monitor interface health and detect hardware failures
Resource Conflict Prevention:
- Validate GPIO assignments during initialization
- Detect and report hardware resource conflicts
- Enforce ADC1/ADC2 separation when Wi-Fi is active
- Maintain canonical GPIO map as single source of truth

5.2 Error Handling

Error Condition	Detection Method	Response Action
GPIO Conflict	Pin assignment validation	Report conflict, prevent initialization
Sensor Communication Failure	Interface timeout/error	Mark sensor as faulty, attempt recovery
Hardware Interface Failure	Transaction failure	Report hardware fault, disable interface
Strapping Pin Usage	GPIO map validation	Prevent usage, report configuration error
ADC2/Wi-Fi Conflict	Resource validation	Force ADC1 usage, report conflict
I2C Address Conflict	Device scanning	Report conflict, disable conflicting devices

5.3 State-Dependent Behavior

System State	Feature Behavior
INIT	Initialize hardware abstractions, detect sensors
RUNNING	Full hardware abstraction, continuous sensor monitoring
WARNING	Enhanced hardware monitoring, sensor health checks
FAULT	Critical hardware functions only, preserve sensor states
OTA_UPDATE	Maintain hardware state, suspend sensor operations
TEARDOWN	Graceful hardware shutdown, preserve configurations
SERVICE	Limited hardware access for diagnostics
SD_DEGRADED	Continue sensor operations, report storage degradation

6. Feature Constraints

6.1 Timing Constraints

Sensor State Transitions: Maximum 100ms for state changes
Hardware Interface Operations: Bounded timeouts for all transactions
GPIO Conflict Detection: Complete during system initialization
Sensor Recovery Attempts: Maximum 3 attempts with exponential backoff

6.2 Resource Constraints

GPIO Usage: Enforce strapping pin restrictions and conflict prevention
I2C Pull-ups: Physical pull-ups required (2.2kΩ - 4.7kΩ for 3.3V)
ADC Constraints: ADC1 only when Wi-Fi active, ADC2 when Wi-Fi inactive
Memory Usage: Maximum 32KB for abstraction layer buffers and state

6.3 Hardware Constraints

ESP32-S3 Limitations: Respect hardware capabilities and restrictions
Interface Speeds: I2C up to 400kHz, SPI up to 80MHz
Voltage Levels: 3.3V logic levels for all interfaces
Current Limitations: Respect GPIO current drive capabilities

7. Interface Specifications

7.1 Sensor Abstraction Layer API

// SAL initialization and management
bool sal_initialize(void);
bool sal_detectSensors(void);
bool sal_getSensorCount(uint8_t* count);
bool sal_getSensorList(uint8_t* sensor_ids, size_t* count);

// Sensor operations
bool sal_readSensor(uint8_t sensor_id, float* value);
bool sal_readMultipleSensors(uint8_t* sensor_ids, size_t count, 
                            sensor_reading_t* readings);
bool sal_calibrateSensor(uint8_t sensor_id, const calibration_data_t* cal_data);
bool sal_resetSensor(uint8_t sensor_id);

// Sensor state and health
sensor_state_t sal_getSensorState(uint8_t sensor_id);
bool sal_getSensorHealth(uint8_t sensor_id, sensor_health_t* health);
bool sal_performSensorDiagnostics(uint8_t sensor_id, sensor_diagnostics_t* diag);

7.2 Hardware Interface Manager API

// Interface initialization
bool hwMgr_initialize(void);
bool hwMgr_initializeI2C(uint8_t port, const i2c_config_t* config);
bool hwMgr_initializeSPI(uint8_t host, const spi_config_t* config);
bool hwMgr_initializeUART(uint8_t port, const uart_config_t* config);
bool hwMgr_initializeADC(const adc_config_t* config);

// Resource management
bool hwMgr_reserveResource(hw_resource_type_t type, uint8_t resource_id, 
                          const char* component_name);
bool hwMgr_releaseResource(hw_resource_type_t type, uint8_t resource_id);
bool hwMgr_validateResources(void);
bool hwMgr_getResourceConflicts(hw_conflict_t* conflicts, size_t* count);

7.3 GPIO Manager API

// GPIO management
bool gpioMgr_initialize(void);
bool gpioMgr_reservePin(uint8_t gpio_num, gpio_function_t function, 
                       const char* component_name);
bool gpioMgr_releasePin(uint8_t gpio_num);
bool gpioMgr_configurePin(uint8_t gpio_num, const gpio_config_t* config);

// GPIO validation and conflict detection
bool gpioMgr_validateGPIOMap(void);
bool gpioMgr_isStrappingPin(uint8_t gpio_num);
bool gpioMgr_detectConflicts(gpio_conflict_t* conflicts, size_t* count);
bool gpioMgr_getGPIOMap(gpio_map_t* map);

8. Testing and Validation

8.1 Unit Testing

Sensor Abstraction: All sensor types and state transitions
Interface Abstraction: I2C, SPI, UART, ADC operations
GPIO Management: Pin assignment and conflict detection
Resource Management: Resource allocation and validation

8.2 Integration Testing

Cross-Interface Testing: Multiple interfaces operating simultaneously
Sensor Integration: All sensor types through abstraction layer
Resource Conflict Testing: Deliberate conflict scenarios
State Coordination: Hardware abstraction with system states

8.3 System Testing

Hardware Compatibility: All supported sensor hardware configurations
Performance Testing: Interface throughput and timing constraints
Fault Injection: Hardware failure simulation and recovery
Long-Duration Testing: Extended operation with hardware monitoring

8.4 Acceptance Criteria

All sensor types accessible through uniform SAL interface
Hardware interfaces properly abstracted from application layer
GPIO conflicts detected and prevented during initialization
No direct hardware access from application components
Sensor state management operates correctly under all conditions
Hardware resource conflicts properly detected and reported
Complete hardware abstraction maintains system performance

9. Dependencies

9.1 Internal Dependencies

Sensor Manager: Primary consumer of sensor abstraction layer
Diagnostics: Hardware fault reporting and event logging
Machine Constant Manager: Hardware configuration management
State Manager: Hardware behavior coordination across system states

9.2 External Dependencies

ESP-IDF Framework: Low-level hardware drivers and HAL
Hardware Components: Physical sensors, interfaces, and peripherals
FreeRTOS: Task coordination and resource management
Hardware Design: GPIO assignments and interface configurations

10. Future Enhancements

10.1 Planned Improvements

Dynamic Sensor Discovery: Runtime sensor detection and configuration
Advanced Sensor Fusion: Multi-sensor data correlation and validation
Hardware Health Monitoring: Predictive hardware failure detection
Plug-and-Play Support: Hot-swappable sensor support

10.2 Scalability Considerations

Additional Sensor Types: Framework supports easy sensor type extension
Multiple Interface Support: Support for additional hardware interfaces
Advanced GPIO Management: Dynamic GPIO allocation and optimization
Hardware Virtualization: Virtual hardware interfaces for testing

Document Status: Final for Implementation Phase
Component Dependencies: Verified against architecture
Requirements Traceability: Complete (SR-HW, SWR-HW)
Next Review: After component implementation

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